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医院中子照射器I型堆 5

GM(1 4

1)模型 2

MCNP 2

中子通量密度 2

代谢 2

医院中子照射器 2

燃耗 2

环境一号卫星 2

(GaxIn1−x)2O3薄膜；带隙可调谐；磁控溅射 1

1 1

1) 1

1)幂模型 1

1860 MPa等级 1

1T/2H-MoS₂ 1

2R-1C模型；嵌入式系统；参数估计；非迭代方法；二次型 1

4250 m 1

5-戊二胺 1

5G；交叉振子；双极化天线；终端天线；超宽带 1

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Extracellular vesicle-carried GTF2I from mesenchymal stem cells promotes the expression of tumor-suppressive FAT1

《医学前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s11684-023-0999-5

摘要： Through bioinformatics predictions, we identified that GTF2I and FAT1 were downregulated in thyroid carcinoma (TC). Further, Pearson’s correlation coefficient revealed a positive correlation between GTF2I expression and FAT1 expression. Therefore, we selected them for this present study, where the effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived EVs (BMSDs-EVs) enriched with GTF2I were evaluated on the epithelial–to–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and stemness maintenance in TC. The under-expression of GTF2I and FAT1 was validated in TC cell lines. Ectopically expressed GTF2I and FAT1 were found to augment malignant phenotypes of TC cells, EMT, and stemness maintenance. Mechanistic studies revealed that GTF2I bound to the promoter region of FAT1 and consequently upregulated its expression. MSC-EVs could shuttle GTF2I into TPC-1 cells, where GTF2I inhibited TC malignant phenotypes, EMT, and stemness maintenance by increasing the expression of FAT1 and facilitating the FAT1-mediated CDK4/FOXM1 downregulation. In vivo experiments confirmed that silencing of GTF2I accelerated tumor growth in nude mice. Taken together, our work suggests that GTF2I transferred by MSC-EVs confer antioncogenic effects through the FAT1/CDK4/FOXM1 axis and may be used as a promising biomarker for TC treatment.

关键词： thyroid carcinoma mesenchymal stem cell extracellular vesicle GTF2I FAT1 CDK4

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Importance of emulsions in crystallization—applications for fat crystallization

Sandra PETERSEN, K. CHALEEPA, Joachim ULRICH

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第1期页码 43-48 doi: 10.1007/s11705-013-1309-6

摘要： Emulsions and crystallization are two independent research topics which normally do not overlap although a combination of the two could be applicable to many areas. Here, the importance of emulsions in the field of fat crystallization is described. Three applications with industrial relevance were chosen for investigation: fat fractionation, the solidification of phase change materials and solid lipid nanoparticles. For fat fractionation and phase change materials, emulsification can be applied as a tool to improve the fat crystallization process, and thus the product quality of the crystallized fat. Furthermore, the use of emulsification creates new application fields such as solid lipid nanoparticles in the area of fat crystallization.

关键词： emulsion fat crystallization phase change material emulsion fractionation emulsion solidification

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Brown and beige fat: the metabolic function, induction, and therapeutic potential

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2015年第9卷第2期页码 162-172 doi: 10.1007/s11684-015-0382-2

摘要：

Adipose tissue is an important organ for energy homeostasis. White adipose tissue stores energy in the form of triglycerides, whereas brown adipocytes and recently identified beige adipocytes are specialized in dissipating energy by thermogenesis or contribution to dispose glucose and clear triglycerides in blood. The inverse correlation between the brown adipose tissue activity and body mass suggests its protective role against body fat accumulation. Thus, recruitment and activation of brown or beige adipose tissue become particularly appealing targets for increasing energy expenditure. Angiogenesis and sympathetic nerve signals are the fundamental determinants for brown and beige adipose tissue development, as well as for their metabolic functions. Secretary factors including BMPs can induce the development, the activation of brown or beige adipose tissue, which seem to be promising for therapeutic development.

关键词： brown adipocyte beige adipocyte metabolism obesity

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Genome-wide association analysis reveals genetic loci and candidate genes associated with intramuscular fat

Xingwang WANG, Rongrong DING, Jianping QUAN, Linxue YANG, Ming YANG, Enqin ZHENG, Dewu LIU, Gengyuan CAI, Zhenfang WU, Jie YANG

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第4卷第3期页码 335-341 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017152

摘要： Intramuscular fat (IMF) is a major meat-quality trait in pigs. The content of IMF is directly associated with the taste and flavor of pork. As a complex trait, there could be multiple genes affecting IMF content in pork. Genome-wide association study is a powerful tool to detect genomic regions associated with phenotypic variations. The objectives of the present study were to identify or refine the positions of genomic regions affecting IMF, and to characterize candidate genes and pathways that may influence this trait. Of note, we identified a significant region in longissium dorsi muscle in a Duroc pig population for IMF content with PorcineSNP60 v2 BeadChip. This region spans 1.24 Mb on chromosome 8 and had been identified as a quantitative trait locus for IMF in Pietrain, Large White, Landrace, and Leicoma pigs. In this region, eight SNPs were significantly associated with IMF content. Three genes proximal to these significant SNPs were considered candidate genes, including , and . Our results confirm several previous findings and highlight several genes that may contribute to IMF variation in Duroc pigs.

关键词： Duroc pigs genome-wide association analysis intramuscular fat

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Role of exercise training on insulin resistance and TNF-α in high-fat diet rats

Hui SUN MD, Xiuling DENG MM, Fangxi XIAO MD, Lulu CHEN MD, Huiqing LI MD,

《医学前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第4期页码 403-407 doi: 10.1007/s11684-009-0071-0

摘要： This study investigated the effect of exercise training on insulin resistance and serum and adipose TNF-α in high-fat diet-induced insulin-resistant rats. Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups: normal control group (NC; =8) that accepted normal chow and high-fat diet group (HF; =22) that fed on high-fat diet to induce insulin resistance model. The HF group was randomly assigned to two subgroups after 18 weeks: sedentary group (SE; =10) and exercise training group (ET; =12) that performed swimming exercise training for 6 weeks, while both groups continued high-fat diet. Changes of body weight, lipid profile, and fasting plasma glucose and insulin were measured. The insulin sensitivity index (ISI) was calculated. Serum concentration of TNF-α was detected by ELISA. The expression of TNF-α mRNA and protein in adipose tissue was examined by using real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western blot, respectively. After 18 weeks, compared with the NC group, body weight, blood lipid, glucose, and insulin in the HF group were significantly elevated, while the ISI decreased obviously, which suggested that insulin resistance appeared in the HF group. After exercise training for 6 weeks, compared with the SE group, both ISI and serum TNF-α concentration in the ET group were decreased significantly; however, the expression levels of TNF-α mRNA and protein in adipose tissue increased by 27.5% and 20.5%, respectively. In conclusion, exercise training ameliorates insulin resistance. The reduction of the level of serum TNF-α and the increased expression of TNF-α in adipose tissue by exercise training may be involved in this mechanism.

关键词： exercise training insulin resistance tumor necrosis factor-α

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矢志不渝——为了心脏健康，与糖和脂肪“作斗争”

杨宝峰, 王睿

《工程（英文）》 2023年第20卷第1期页码 1-2 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.10.003

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Postnatal feeding with high-fat diet induces obesity and precocious puberty in C57BL/6J mouse pups: a

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第2期页码 266-276 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0530-y

摘要：

Childhood obesity and obesity-related metabolic complications are induced by a high-fat postnatal diet. The lack of a suitable animal model, however, remains a considerable challenge in obesity studies. In the current study, we provided high-fat diet (HFD) to dams during lactation and to pups after weaning. We also developed a novel model of C57BL/6J mouse pups with HFD-induced postnatal obesity. Results showed that feeding with HFD induces fat deposition and obesity in pups. Furthermore, HFD more potently increased the body weight (BW) of male than female pups. HFD-fed female pups were obese, underwent precocious puberty, and showed increased kisspeptin expression in the hypothalamus. However, parental obesity and precocious puberty exerted no synergistic effects on the HFD-induced postnatal weight gain and puberty onset of the pups. Interestingly, some HFD-fed litters with normal BW also exhibited precocious puberty. This finding suggested that diet composition but not BW triggers puberty onset. Our model suggests good construction validity of obesity and precocious puberty. Furthermore, our model can also be used to explore the mutual interactions between diet–induced postnatal childhood obesity and puberty.

关键词： postnatal HFD feeding obesity kisspeptin HPG axis precocious puberty

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Multiple effects of grape seed polyphenolics to prevent metabolic diseases

Torey ARVIK, Hyunsook KIM, James SEIBER, Wallace YOKOYAMA

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第5卷第3期页码 351-361 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2018235

摘要：

Obesity is increasing in developing countries. Population studies show a relationship between affluence and obesity. Changing food intake patterns with affluence such as preference for foods with less astringent polyphenolic compounds and dietary fibers may increase risk of metabolic dysfunctions due to caloric imbalance. Animal models of obesity consistently show that grape seed procyanidins prevent increases in body and abdo- minal adipose weight gain, plasma cholesterol, liver weight gain and inflammation in animals on high fat diets. The mechanisms are not clear because the oral intake of procyanidins results in pleiotropic interactions with proteins in the mouth, stomach, small intestine, cecum and colon that affect the rate of digestion of bioavailability of macronutrients, sterols, and dietary fiber. Procyanidins also bind bile acids and reduce intestinal permeability to inflammatory bacterial cell wall fragment. Procyanidins are not degraded or metabolized until reaching the lower gut where they can be metabolized into phenolic acids by gut bacteria. While they are metabolized by gut bacteria, they also alter total numbers and distribution of phyla and species of gut bacteria. Gut bacteria are recognized as significant contributors to obesity and obesity related metabolic diseases. The review examines the different pleiotropic effects of grape seed procyanidins that have a significant effect on metabolic disease in animal models of obesity.

关键词： grape seed obesity procyanidins high fat microbiota animal models

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Advancement in genetic variants conferring obesity susceptibility from genome-wide association studies

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2015年第9卷第2期页码 146-161 doi: 10.1007/s11684-014-0373-8

摘要：

Obesity prevalence has increased in recent years. Lifestyle change fuels obesity, but genetic factors cause more than 50% of average variations in obesity. The advent of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) has hastened the progress of polygenic obesity research. As of this writing, more than 73 obesity susceptibility loci have been identified in ethnic groups through GWAS. The identified loci explain only 2% to 4% of obesity heritability, thereby indicating that a large proportion of loci remain undiscovered. Thus, the next step is to identify and confirm novel loci, which may exhibit smaller effects and lower allele frequencies than established loci. However, achieving these tasks has been difficult for researchers. GWAS help researchers discover the causal loci. Moreover, numerous biological studies have been performed on the polygenic effects on obesity, such as studies on fat mass- and obesity-associated gene (FTO), but the role of these polygenic effects in the mechanism of obesity remains unclear. Thus, obesity-causing variations should be identified, and insights into the biology of polygenic effects on obesity are needed.

关键词： obesity genetics genome-wide association studies body mass index fat mass- and obesity-associated gene

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灰色预测模型GM（１，１）的适用性分析及在火灾风险预测中的应用

陈子锦,王福亮,陆守香

《中国工程科学》 2007年第9卷第5期页码 91-94

摘要：

通过对灰色预测模型———GM（１，１）的理论分析，证明了该模型的预测值及其变化趋势均具有单调性，进而提出了GM（１，１）模型的适用性判据，并给出了该判据在火灾风险灰色预测中的应用实例。

关键词：火灾预测 GM(1 1)模型火灾伤人率

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Metabolic interventions combined with CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1 blockade for the treatment of tumors: mechanisms

《医学前沿（英文）》页码 805-822 doi: 10.1007/s11684-023-1025-7

摘要： Immunotherapies based on immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) have significantly improved patient outcomes and offered new approaches to cancer therapy over the past decade. To date, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) of CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1 represent the main class of immunotherapy. Blockade of CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1 has shown remarkable efficacy in several specific types of cancers, however, a large subset of refractory patients presents poor responsiveness to ICB therapy; and the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Recently, numerous studies have revealed that metabolic reprogramming of tumor cells restrains immune responses by remodeling the tumor microenvironment (TME) with various products of metabolism, and combination therapies involving metabolic inhibitors and ICIs provide new approaches to cancer therapy. Nevertheless, a systematic summary is lacking regarding the manner by which different targetable metabolic pathways regulate immune checkpoints to overcome ICI resistance. Here, we demonstrate the generalized mechanism of targeting cancer metabolism at three crucial immune checkpoints (CTLA-4, PD-1, and PD-L1) to influence ICB therapy and propose potential combined immunotherapeutic strategies co-targeting tumor metabolic pathways and immune checkpoints.

关键词： CTLA-4 PD-1 PD-L1 immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) metabolic reprogramming combined tumor therapeutic strategies

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渤海辽东带地质认识的突破与金县1-1大油田的发现

邓运华

《中国工程科学》 2011年第13卷第10期页码 13-18

摘要：在此认识指导下选择研究方向，评价有利目标，经钻探发现了金县1-1大油田，储量达1.5×10⁸ m³，充分显示了科研在油气勘探中的作用。

关键词：渤海辽东带金县1-1 地质认识大油田

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联邦无监督表示学习 Research Article

张凤达1,况琨1,陈隆1,游兆阳1,沈弢1,肖俊1,张寅1,吴超2,吴飞1,庄越挺1,李晓林3,4,5

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第24卷第8期页码 1181-1193 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2200268

摘要： FURL提出了两个新挑战：（1）客户端之间的数据分布转移（非独立同分布）会使本地模型专注于不同的类别，从而导致表示空间的不一致；（2）如果FURL中客户端之间没有统一的信息，客户端之间的表示就会错位。

关键词：联邦学习；无监督学习；表示学习；对比学习

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非等间距GM(1,1)幂模型及其工程应用

王正新,党耀国,刘思峰

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第7期页码 98-102

摘要：

针对工程中大量存在的非等间距序列的建模问题，提出了非等间距GM(1, 1)幂模型。以平均相对误差绝对值最小化为目标，以模型参数之间的关系为约束，构建了一个非线性优化模型实现非等间距GM(1, 1)幂模型的参数估计。结果表明，非等间距GM(1, 1)幂模型的形式较为灵活，非等间距GM(1, 1)模型和灰色Verhulst模型均是非等间距GM(1, 1)幂模型的特殊情形，幂指数的优化有利于提高建模精度。最后通过一个工程实例验证了非等间距GM(1, 1)幂模型的有效性与实用性。

关键词：灰色系统非等间距序列 GM(1 1)幂模型参数优化

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磁控溅射法生长的带隙可调谐(GaxIn1−x)2O3 Research Articles

张法碧1,孙巾寓1,李海鸥1,周娟1,王荣1,孙堂友1,傅涛1,肖功利1,李琦1,刘兴鹏1,张秀云1,郭道友2,王相虎3,秦祖军1

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第22卷第10期页码 1370-1378 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2000330

摘要：采用磁控溅射技术和热退火技术在(0001)蓝宝石衬底上制备了多组分氧化物(GaxIn1−x)2O3薄膜，实现可调带隙。详细研究了三元化合物(GaxIn1−x)2O3在整个组成范围内的光学性质和能带结构演化。X射线衍射谱表明，Ga含量在0.11至0.55之间的(GaxIn1−x)2O3薄膜既有立方结构，也有单斜结构，而Ga含量高于0.74的(GaxIn1−x)2O3薄膜只有单斜结构。实验结果为透明导电化合物半导体(GaxIn1−x)2O3薄膜在光电和光伏行业的应用，特别是在显示器、发光二极管和太阳能电池的应用奠定了基础。

关键词： (GaxIn1−x)2O3薄膜；带隙可调谐；磁控溅射

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标题作者时间类型操作

Extracellular vesicle-carried GTF2I from mesenchymal stem cells promotes the expression of tumor-suppressive FAT1

期刊论文

Importance of emulsions in crystallization—applications for fat crystallization

Sandra PETERSEN, K. CHALEEPA, Joachim ULRICH

期刊论文

Brown and beige fat: the metabolic function, induction, and therapeutic potential

null

期刊论文

Genome-wide association analysis reveals genetic loci and candidate genes associated with intramuscular fat